en Vitexin, Isovitexin and Other Biochemical Constituent of Ficus Deltoidea Leaf Extract in 80% Methanol Inhibits Cholinesterase Enzymes on Javanese Medaka (Oryzias Javanicus) Model عمومى General پژوهشي orginal article <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:16.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><i><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Background & Aims</span></i></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">: </span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">More than 80% of people in the developing countries rely on phytomedicine for primary healthcare in both human and livestock. Traditionally, herbal medicinal practice and treatment of cognitive disorders or neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer&#39;s disease (AD) and other memory-related disorders have been achieved with numerous plant products. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anticholinesterase properties of <i>Ficus deltoidea</i> leaf extract in 80% methanol on Javanese medaka.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:16.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><i><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Materials & Methods</span></i></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">:</span></b> <i><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Ficus deltoidea</span></i><span style="font-size:9.0pt"> leaf was extracted with 80% methanol. Crude extract was then evaluated for toxicity effect on adult Javanese medaka.<i> </i>The neuroprotective effect of the crude extract was also evaluated using anticholinesterase assay. Identification of phytochemical constituents were carried out using High Performance Liquid Chromatography&nbsp;(HPLC) and Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LCMS) techniques.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:16.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><i><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Results</span></i></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">:</span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"> Results disclosed l</span><span lang="MS" style="font-size:9.0pt">ow toxicity effect of the crude extract with LC₅₀ of </span><span style="font-size:9.0pt">59.34 &plusmn; 0.1 (Sub-acute toxicity test) and 44.67 &plusmn; 0.7 (Chronic toxicity test). High anti-cholinesterase activities with significant differences at p<0.001 was recorded in this study. Vitexin and isovitexin were identified in the crude extract using HPLC and LCMS.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:16.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><i><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Conclusion</span></i></b><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">: </span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">This study shows that <i>Ficus deltoidea</i> has high neuroprotective potential due to the high vitexin, isovitexin and several other bioactive components that are yet to be identified. Hence, it could be developed and used as new neuroprotective supplement/herbal product.</span></span></span></span> Antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase, Ficus deltoidea, Javanese medaka, Neuroprotective, Toxicity 179 194 http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-167-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ibrahim Hassan ibrahim.hassan@udusok.edu.ng 10031947532846001289 10031947532846001289 Yes Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. Nigeria Wan Norhamidah Wan Ibrahim wnwi@upm.edu.my 10031947532846001290 10031947532846001290 No Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Ferdaus Binti Mohamat Yusuf ferdaus@upm.edu.my 10031947532846001291 10031947532846001291 No Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Siti Aqlima Ahmad aqlima@biotech.upm.edu.my 10031947532846001292 10031947532846001292 No Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Syahida Ahmad syahida@upm.edu.my 10031947532846001293 10031947532846001293 No Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia