en Anaesthesiology Anaesthesiology كاربردي review article <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">Orthopedic surgeries, whether major or minor, often require anesthesia to ensure patient comfort, safety, and optimal<br> surgical conditions. The choice between general anesthesia and regional anesthesia remains a critical decision,<br> influenced by the type of surgery, patient characteristics, and surgeon preferences. Both approaches carry unique<br> risks and complications, and a careful understanding of these factors is essential for optimizing patient outcomes.<br> This narrative review aims to compare the complications and risks associated with general anesthesia and regional<br> anesthesia in orthopedic surgeries, with a focus on perioperative management, potential side effects, and long-term<br> recovery outcomes. The anesthetic management of orthopedic surgery is a dynamic and evolving field. There is no<br> one-size-fits-all solution. The choice between general anesthesia and regional anesthesia, or more commonly their<br> combination, must be individualized based on the type of surgery, patient comorbidities, and institutional expertise.<br> Regional anesthesia may be the preferred anesthetic technique in patients at high risk with general anesthesia, such as<br> those with reactions to general anesthesia in the past or with significant cardiopulmonary risk factors.</span></span> Complications, General anesthesia, Orthopedic Surgeries, Regional anesthesia, Risk, Spinal anesthesia 321 327 http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-576-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Nazli Karami 10031947532846005519 10031947532846005519 Yes Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran