Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
2717-0098
1
1
2015
11
1
Body Weight Status among Urban High School Girls and Its Related Determinants in Urmia, IRAN, 2005
7
13
EN
Saeid
Ghavamzadeh
Nutrition Sciences Department; Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Nazlu highway, Urmia, Iran
N
F
Esmaeili Shahmirzadi
Nutrition Sciences Department; Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences
N
Rasul
Ghareh Aghagi
Nutrition Sciences Department; Faculty of Medicine
N
Arash
Rashidi
Nutrition Research Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institutte, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of medical Sciences, Shahrak-e-Gharb, Arqavan Avenue, Tehran, Iran
arashrashidi@yahoo.com
Y
10.13183/rabms.v1i1.102
Received on 26 May 2015, Accepted for publication on 31 July 2015
Background & Aims: To date, it has been well known that high body weight, weather in adulthood or in growing ages, is related to some serious medical conditions. So, this study tried to investigate the body weight status among urban high school girl students of Urmia, Iran.
Material and Methods: In this cross sectional study, we measured weight, height and BMI of 956 girl students. Then a questionnaire was completed based on their dietary habits and behaviors related to their physical activity.
Results: Underweight prevalence in the studied population was 8.47% (95% CI: 8.3%-8.9%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the studied students were 14.33% (95% CI: 13.46%-15.2%), and 5.02% (95% CI: 4.4%-5.6%) respectively. Factors that are significantly correlated with the participants;#39 body weight, are the frequency of high energy foods intake time during a week(P<0.001), duration of computer use per day(P<0.01), educational state of their mothers (P<0.01), feeding pattern in the infancy (breastfed or non-breastfed) (P<0.05) and the kind of their schools (P<0.05).No significant association was found between other studied dietary variables (such as the time spent for eating over 24-hours, and breakfast eating times per week) and overweight / obesity.
Conclusion: In this study, we have shown there were two changeable parameters (i.e. the number of times for intake of high energy foods during a week, and working with computers) which influence the high schoolgirls;#39 body weight in the region of study.
Keywords: Prevalence, Under nutrition, Overweight, Obesity, High school girls
Prevalence, Under nutrition, Overweight, Obesity, High school girls
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-33-en.html
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-33-en.pdf
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
2717-0098
1
1
2015
11
1
A Study on the Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Elementary School Students at a District (Silvana) In Urmia, West Azerbaijan
14
19
EN
Khosrow
Hazrati tappeh
Parasitology and mycology department, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmai, Iran
Hazrati_tappeh@yahoo.co.nz
N
Mahyar
Mostaghim
Parasitology and mycology department, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmai, Iran
Mahyar_Mostaghim@yahoo.com
N
Haleh
Hanifian
Parasitology and mycology department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Haleh.hanifian@gmail.com
Y
Hamidreza
Khalkhali
Epidemiology department, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmai, Iran
Khalkhali@umsu.ac.ir
N
Javad
Mousavi
Internal and infectious disease department, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmai, Iran
MousaviJ@umsu.ac.ir
N
10.13183/rabms.v1i1.103
Received 29 April 2015, Accepted for publication 1 July 2015
Background & Aims: According to the increasing rate of intestinal parasitic infection in rural areas compared to urban areas, this study deals with the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in elementary school students in Silvana rural district.
Material and Methods: 350 students of both sexes were selected randomly. All samples were studied with routine parasitology methods, such as wet mount method and formalin – ether concentration.
Microscopic examination of Enterobius vermicularis and Taenia saginata eggs carried out with 10 and 40 lenses.
Results: The study showed that the total prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections is 52%,
And prevalence of protozoan infections (50.57%) is more than helminthes infection (Oxyuris 24.9%, Ascaris 0.28%, Hymenolepis nana 1.14%).Relative frequencies of intestinal protozoan were as follows: Giardia lamblelia (37.57%), Entamoeaba coli (26.86%), Iodamoeba butchlii (8%), Blastocystis hominis (4.28%). The study showed a significant opposite correlation between mother’s education and prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in subjects (P- value = 0.03).
Conclusion: The result of the present study indicated the high prevalence of protozoan infections and Oxyuriasis in this area. Other studies and present study indicate the world wide spread of intestinal parasitic infections.
Intestinal parasitic infections, Epidemiology, Elementary school students
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-28-en.html
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-28-en.pdf
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
2717-0098
1
1
2015
11
1
The efficiency of transdermal insulin deliveryby using different concentrations of insulin ointment in hyperglycemic rats
20
26
EN
Nasrollah
Jabbari
Department of Medical Physics and Imaging, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
njabbarimp@gmail.com
N
Mohammad Hossein
Asghari
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
mohammadhossein.asghari@gmail.com
N
Peyman
Mikaili
Department of Pharmacology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
payman_michaeli@yahoo.com
Y
10.13183/rabms.v1i1.104
Received 28 April 2015, Accepted for publication 2August 2015
Background & Aims: Diabetes mellitus is one of the major issues of the healthcare systems of all societies. Patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 (insulin-dependent diabetes) have to receive daily injections of insulin in order to maintain a constant normoglycemic condition. Since this method of insulin delivery is so invasive and may end in a variety of mental and physical problems after its long-term usage, many scientists have been trying to find less invasive ways of insulin delivery to these patients. At the present study, the efficiency of transdermal insulin delivery using topical insulin ointment at different concentrations was investigated in hyperglycemic rats.
Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 36 male rats were divided into six groups. The control group was delivered a combination of Ketamin and Xylasine, and the rest were treated with different concentrations of insulin ointment following a Xylazine-induced hyperglycemia, then the effect of the ointment on blood glucose levels was investigated.
Results: Our data showed that high concentration (1.73%) of insulin ointment can be as effective as injectable insulin in decreasing blood glucose levels of hyperglycemic rats.
Conclusion: It is concluded that this way of insulin delivery can be a potential alternative to the conventional injectable method. However, more studies are needed in order to confirm its quality and usage in human models.
Diabetes, Insulin ointment, Rat, Transdermal delivery
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-34-en.html
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-34-en.pdf
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
2717-0098
1
1
2015
11
1
The contribution of GABAb circuits in the pro-epileptogenic action of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in hippocampus
27
40
EN
Shiva
Roshan-Milani
Department of Physiology, Neurophysiology Research Center, Medical Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
shivamilani@umsu.ac.ir
Y
Morteza
Motazakker
Department of Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
motazakker@umsu.ac.ir
N
Ehsan
saboory
Department of Physiology, Neurophysiology Research Center, Medical Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
saboory@umsu.ac.ir
N
Stuart
Cobb
Division of Neuroscience and Biomedical Systems, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
stuart.cobb@glasgow.ac.uk
N
10.13183/rabms.v1i1.105
Received 5 May 2015, accepted for publication 27 July 2015
Background & Aims: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) regulate epileptiform discharges generated by a number of different pharmacological manipulations, in the hippocampus. Functional nicotinic receptor-mediated responses are most prominently observed in hippocampal interneurons, however the pro-epileptogenic action of nAChRs appears to be independent of fast GABAergic transmission since it is resistant to the blockade of GABAA receptors. To identify possible contribution of the GABAB receptor in the nAChR-induced effect, a set of experiments was carried out in the presence of GABAB receptor antagonist CGP55845A.
Material and Methods: Hippocampal slices (400µm thick) were prepared from male Wistar rats (3-4 weeks). Following a 1hr equilibration in artificial cerebrospinal fluid, slices were transferred to a submerged-type recording chamber. Extracellular field recordings were made in the Stratum pyramidale of the CA3 regions. Bath application of the convulsant compounds 4-aminopyridine (4AP) or bicuculline resulted in the development of spontaneous epileptiform bursting.
Results: Slices pre-incubated with CGP55845A (GABAB receptor antagonist) were not able to exhibit burst frequency potentiation of 4AP-induced epileptiform activity upon application of the selective nAChR agonist dimethylphenylpiperazinium iodide (DMPP -8.3 ± 7%, n=11). Similarly, in the presence of CGP55845A, slices exhibited negligible burst frequency potentiation of bicuculline-induced epileptiform activity upon DMPP application (27.6 ± 18%, n=9), in comparison to those observed in the absence of CGP55845A (248 ± 76 %, n=14). The suppression of epileptiform activity by the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen, was partially recovered by subsequent co-application of DMPP (n=10).
Conclusion: These data suggests that nAChRs may regulate the excitability of hippocampal networks at least in part through GABAB receptor-mediated mechanisms.
Acetylcholine, Nicotinic, Epilepsy, GABAB, Hippocampus
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-38-en.html
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-38-en.pdf
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
2717-0098
1
1
2015
11
1
The effect of co-administration of restraint stress and morphine in prenatal period and re-exposure to stress at the end of infancy on corticosterone blood levels and pentylentetrazol-induced epileptic behaviors in rat
41
50
EN
Elnaz
Nakhjiri
Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
elnaz.nakhjiri@yahoo.com
N
Ehsan
Saboory
Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
saboory@umsu.ac.ir
Y
Shiva
Roshan-Milani
Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
shiva_muk@yahoo.com
N
Hojjat
Sayyadi
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
sayyadi.h@gmail.com
N
10.13183/rabms.v1i1.106
Received 23 May 2015, accepted for publication 2August 2015
Background & Aims: Stressful events during gestation have important effects on the later physical and mental health of the offspring. The present study aimed to identify effects of co-administration of stress and morphine in prenatal period and re-exposure to stress at the end of infancy on corticosterone blood levels and pentylentetrazol-induced epileptic behaviors in rat.
Materials and Methods: Pregnant rats were divided to six groups of control, stress, saline, morphine, stress-saline and stress-morphine. In the stressed group, rats were stressed and held immobile for three consecutive days started on day 15 of pregnancy. The rats in saline and morphine groups received saline and morphine in the same days. In the morphine/saline-stress groups, rats were exposed to stress and received morphine/saline simultaneously. On postnatal day 22, half of the pups re-exposed to stress, and pentylentetrazol-induced epileptic behaviors of each rat were assessed. Blood samples were collected to determine corticosterone level.
Results: Latency of first epileptic behavior decreased significantly in stress-morphine group compared to other groups. Re-exposure to stress significantly led to a decrease in number of clonic seizure. There was no significant difference between the experimental groups in duration of clonic attacks and mortality rate. The level of corticosterone showed a significant increase in stressed pups and decreased in morphine group.
Conclusion: these results indicated that co-administration of morphine and restraint stress during late pregnancy had profound impact on neurochemical development and might alter vulnerability to PTZ-induced epileptic behaviors. Prenatal stress is more powerful than postnatal stress on influencing neural development and seizure susceptibility in rats.
Restraint stress, Morphine, Seizure, Corticosterone, PTZ, Rat
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-40-en.html
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-40-en.pdf
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
2717-0098
1
1
2015
11
1
IgE levels are increased in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection
51
55
EN
Y
Rasmi
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
N
R
Hasani
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
N
H
Sayyadi
Department of Biostatistics, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
N
M
Sadreddini
Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
N
S
Zafar-Shamspoor
Student Research Center; Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
N
Sh
Gholizadeh
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
N
Sh
Shahabi
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
shahabirabori@yahoo.com
Y
10.13183/rabms.v1i1.107
Received on 18 May 2015 Accepted for publication on 3 August 2015
Background and Aims: Studies have not been able to prove an association between allergy and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The goal of this study is to evaluate the association of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) level, as a criterion for the presence of allergy, and H. pylori infection.
Methods and Materials: Seventy two patients with dyspepsia referring to endoscopy were included in this study. Anti-H. pylori IgG, anti-H. pylori-CagA IgG, and total plasma IgE levels were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and then statistically analyzed.
Results: Forty out of 72 patients had H. pylori infection, out of which 32 patients were CagA positive. Mean IgE level had a significant increase in the patients with H. pylori infection (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between IgE levels of the CagA-positive and -negative groups (p=0.175).
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a clear association between allergy and H. pylori infection.
Helicobacter pylori, IgE, Allergy, Cag-A
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-37-en.html
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-37-en.pdf
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
2717-0098
1
1
2015
11
1
Cetrorelix preserves follicular viability in Cyclophosphamid-induced ovarian toxicity
56
60
EN
Daryosh
Mohammadnejad
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
abedelahia@yahoo.com
N
Hamid
Tayefi-nasrabadi
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
abedelahia@yahoo.com
N
Mehran
Naghibi
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
abedelahia@yahoo.coma
N
Ali
Abedelahi
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
abedelahia@yahoo.com
Y
10.13183/rabms.v1i1.108
Received 7 May 2015, accepted for publication 29 July 2015
Background & Aims: Anticancer drugs are known to have great impact on spermatogenesis process and germinal epithelium. The present study is to investigate the preventive effect of Cetrorelix (GnRH antagonist) on Cyclophosphamide- induced spermatogenic defect.
Methods and Materials: Fifty adult female mice aging 6-8 weeks (30±4 gr) were divided into 3 groups as: Control, Experimental 1 and Experimental 2. The animals in Experimental 1 group received Cyclophosphamide (2.5 mg/kg, ip) for 5 days and in Experimental 2 group received Cetrorelix (0.25 mg/kg, ip) one week before Cyclophosphamide treatment and continued for 3 weeks. The mice in all groups were sacrificed 35 days after the last injection. Ovarian follicles were isolated mechanically and the viability was studied by trypan blue staining.
Results: Ovarian follicles of animals in Experimental 2group, retained higher percentage of normal morphology (P<0.001) than which in Experimental 1 group and their condition were similar to control group.
Conclusion: These results indicate that the Cetrorelix administration before cancer treatment may protect ovarian tissue against side effects of cisplatin.
Keywords: Ovarian follicles, Viability, GnRH antagonist, Cetrorelix
Ovarian follicles, Viability, GnRH antagonist, Cetrorelix
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-41-en.html
http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-41-en.pdf