Journal News - Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences

Volume 11 - Issue 1- 2025

We are thrilled to announce the release of the latest edition of the RABMS Journal Newsletter, where we bring you exciting updates, groundbreaking research, and valuable insights:

Assessment of immune response in ICU admitted SARS-CoV-2 patients from Kashmir, North India
The study examined lymphocyte subpopulations in ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients to understand immune dysregulation. It found increased NLR, T-cell activation, T-cytotoxic exhaustion, and reduced B cells as markers of disease severity and poor outcomes.

The CD4 cell level as a predictive factor for the outcome severity and prognosis of patients with COVID-19
The study examined the link between CD4+ T-cell levels and COVID-19 severity, finding that lower CD4 counts are strongly associated with worse prognosis. The correlation with higher CRP suggests CD4 depletion as a key marker for predicting outcomes, highlighting its potential role in managing severe cases.

Advancements in MRI radiomics for hepatocellular carcinoma: a narrative review
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major global health concern with limited preoperative diagnostic tools. MRI radiomics offers a noninvasive approach to predict outcomes and aid personalized treatment decisions. Further research is needed for its clinical integration in HCC management.

Biochemical and histological assessment of the hepatoprotective effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extract in Ketamine-induced liver toxicity in male Wistar rats
This study explored the hepatoprotective effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum against ketamine-induced liver toxicity in Wistar rats. The extract demonstrated promising benefits by normalizing liver biomarkers and promoting histological recovery, suggesting its potential for therapeutic use in liver disorders and warranting further research.

Cardiovascular diseases and ischemic stroke: the importance of embolism and thrombosis
This study highlights CHF as an independent risk factor for AIS and emphasizes the clinical significance of monitoring immunological processes over RBC count and HCT levels. Key factors like age, RBC count, anemia, cholesterol, lipoproteins, and blood glucose may aid in differentiating thrombotic and embolic strokes in AIS patients with CHF.

Aphrodisiac activity of ethanolic root extracts of Acacia pycnantha (Golden Wattle) in healthy male Wistar rats
This study investigates the aphrodisiac effects of Acacia pycnantha in male Wistar rats, revealing its ability to enhance sexual behavior, elevate serum-free testosterone levels, and increase serum calcium concentrations, highlighting its potential as a natural aphrodisiac.

Secondary osteoarthritis due to alkaptonuria: a case report
Alkaptonuria is a rare genetic disorder caused by homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase deficiency, leading to homogentisic acid accumulation. It manifests as homogentisic aciduria, ochronosis, and progressive arthritis, often causing secondary osteoarthritis. Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are essential for reducing morbidity and improving quality of life.

Molecular surveillance of artemisinin resistance-linked PFK13 gene polymorphisms in Adamawa State, Nigeria
This study investigated Plasmodium falciparum artemisinin resistance by analyzing Pfk13 polymorphisms in clinical isolates from Adamawa State, Nigeria. The absence of Pfk13 mutations suggests parasite sensitivity to artemisinin, though the detected A578S mutation requires further study. Ongoing surveillance is essential to monitor and prevent drug resistance.

Oxidative stress pattern of patients with abnormal thyroid function in Southern Nigeria
This study evaluated antioxidants and oxidative stress in individuals with abnormal thyroid hormone levels in Irrua, Edo State. The results indicate that hyperthyroidism induces oxidative stress, potentially contributing to disease development and other related conditions, regardless of gender.

Prevalence and factors associated with vaccine hesitancy for the booster dose of COVID-19 among undergraduate medical students in Puducherry: a cross-sectional study
This study assessed vaccine hesitancy for the COVID-19 booster dose among undergraduate medical students in Puducherry, identifying socio-demographic, experiential, and perceptual factors as key influences. Addressing these through targeted education, clear communication, and support at vaccination sites can enhance vaccine uptake and help control the pandemic. Further research on diverse populations is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies.

Electrophysiological analysis of the upward and downward phases of squat and lying leg raise work-out
This study examined the effects of the upward and downward phases of squats and lying leg raises on electroencephalograms (EEG) and electrocardiograms (ECG) in healthy male individuals. It found that the downward phase of squats resulted in higher beta wave frequency, lower alpha wave frequency, and greater cortical activation compared to the downward phase of lying leg raises, providing insights into how different exercises affect brain activity.

A retrospective study of serous ovarian tumour with IHC correlation: a three-year study
This retrospective study analyzed the clinicopathological features of serous ovarian tumors and their correlation with immunohistochemical (IHC) markers to enhance diagnostic accuracy. It found that factors like increasing age, postmenopausal status, bilaterality, and complex morphology were linked to malignancy, and highlighted the importance of IHC markers such as WT1, CK7, CK20, CEA, and CA125 in diagnosing and differentiating these tumors.

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Issue 2. 2024 News

| Post date: 2024/05/13 |

Optimizing Collimator Angles in VMAT for Head & Neck Cancer:
A study reveals optimal angles at 20° and 30° improve dose conformity and OAR sparing, guiding clinical decisions in radiation therapy.

Vitamin D and AMH in PCOS:
Research indicates no significant difference in Vitamin D levels between PCOS patients and controls, with a weak positive correlation between Vitamin D and AMH levels.

Emerging Resistance in UTI Pathogens:
A significant study from a tertiary care hospital highlights the rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria in UTIs, emphasizing the critical need for ongoing monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility

Prophylactic Amiodarone in Valve Surgery:
A pivotal study shows that a single dose of amiodarone significantly reduces post-operative atrial fibrillation, leading to shorter ICU and hospital stays.

Hyoscine vs. Promethazine in Labor:
Meta-analysis shows Hyoscine N-butyl bromide reduces labor duration, especially in multiparous women, while Promethazine shows no significant effect.

Tonometer Comparison in Glaucoma Detection:
Study confirms all tonometers correlate well with the Goldmann standard, crucial for early glaucoma diagnosis in patients aged 30-75, including those with diabetes and hypertension.

Fludrocortisone’s Role in Fertility:
A study shows fludrocortisone enhances endometrial receptivity by modulating gene expression, potentially improving fertility treatments.

Biochemical Predictors of Diabetic Neuropathy:
A study underscores the importance of regular screening for glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile, and creatinine in predicting neuropathy in diabetic patients.

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Issue 3. 2023 News

| Post date: 2023/08/12 |

An affinity-based method for the purification of platelet factor 4 from outdated platelet concentrates: This article describes a new method for isolating platelet factor 4 (PF4), a protein that has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties, from expired platelet concentrates (PCs), which are blood products that are usually discarded after their shelf life. The method uses a synthetic peptide that binds to PF4 with high specificity and affinity, and allows the recovery of PF4 with high purity and yield.

Telfairia occidentalis Hook f. mitigates Carbon Tetrachloride induced Nephrotoxicity in Rat: This article investigates the protective effects of Telfairia occidentalis Hook f. (TOH), a medicinal plant that is widely used in Africa, on kidney damage caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), a toxic chemical that induces oxidative stress and inflammation. The results show that TOH can prevent the elevation of serum creatinine and urea, the markers of kidney dysfunction, and reduce the histopathological changes in the kidney tissue of rats exposed to CCl4.

An Interesting Case with Extrapulmonary Manifestations of Sarcoidosis: This article reports a rare case of sarcoidosis, a chronic inflammatory disease that usually affects the lungs, but can also involve other organs. The case is a 45-year-old woman who presented with multiple extrapulmonary manifestations, such as skin lesions, eye inflammation, liver enlargement, spleen enlargement, and bone marrow involvement. The diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy and laboratory tests, and the patient was treated with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs.

Analysis the Effectiveness of Remdesivir, Galidesivir, Sofosbuvir, Tenofovir and Ribavirin as Potential Therapeutic Drug target against SARS-Cov-2 RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRp): An in Silico Docking Study: This article evaluates the potential of five antiviral drugs, namely remdesivir, galidesivir, sofosbuvir, tenofovir, and ribavirin, to inhibit the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The article uses computational docking techniques to simulate the interactions between the drugs and the RdRp enzyme, and to compare their binding affinities and energies. The results suggest that remdesivir and galidesivir have the highest potential to block the RdRp activity and thus inhibit the viral replication.

Baseline aspartate aminotransferase activity is closely related to COVID-19 mortality: A bidirectional cohort study: This article examines the relationship between baseline aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, a liver enzyme that is often elevated in viral infections, and COVID-19 mortality. The article uses a bidirectional cohort study design, which compares the outcomes of COVID-19 patients with different levels of AST activity at admission, and also compares the prevalence of COVID-19 among individuals with different levels of AST activity before the pandemic. The results show that high AST activity is associated with increased risk of death from COVID-19, and also with increased susceptibility to COVID-19 infection.

A comparative study of radiological and functional outcome of multidirectional locking nail with locking plate for management of distal Tibial Metaphyseal fractures: This article compares two surgical methods for treating distal tibial metaphyseal fractures, which are fractures that occur near the ankle joint. The methods are multidirectional locking nail (MDLN) and locking plate (LP), which are both devices that stabilize the fractured bone segments with screws. The article evaluates the radiological and functional outcomes of 60 patients who underwent either MDLN or LP surgery, and finds that both methods have similar efficacy and safety in terms of fracture healing, pain relief, range of motion, infection rate, and complication rate.

Assessment of mean platelet volume in diabetes mellitus and its correlation with hba1c in normoglycemic, diabetic and prediabetic status: This article investigates the role of mean platelet volume (MPV), a measure of platelet size and activation, in diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic disorder that affects blood glucose regulation. The article measures the MPV levels and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, which indicate the average blood glucose level over three months, in 150 individuals who are either normoglycemic (normal blood glucose), diabetic (high blood glucose), or prediabetic (impaired blood glucose). The results show that MPV levels are significantly higher in diabetic and prediabetic individuals than in normoglycemic individuals, and that MPV levels are positively correlated with HbA1c levels, suggesting that MPV may reflect the degree of glycemic control and vascular complications in DM.

Investigating the combined effect of ursolic acid and alpelisib on inhibiting cell proliferation and the expression of HIF1α on 4T1 breast cancer cell line: This article studies the synergistic effect of ursolic acid (UA) and alpelisib (ALP), two natural compounds that have anticancer properties, on the growth and survival of 4T1 breast cancer cells, which are a mouse model of aggressive and metastatic breast cancer. The article measures the cell viability, apoptosis, and expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α), a protein that promotes tumor progression and resistance to therapy, after treating the cells with different concentrations and combinations of UA and ALP. The results show that UA and ALP can inhibit the cell proliferation and induce the cell death of 4T1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and that UA and ALP can also suppress the expression of HIF1α in 4T1 cells. The results also show that UA and ALP have a synergistic effect, meaning that their combined effect is greater than their individual effects.

Study of gastrointestinal neoplasms, histopathologic and immunohistochemical correlation using HER-2/NEU, CK-7 and CK-20: This article analyzes the histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of gastrointestinal neoplasms, which are tumors that arise from the digestive tract. The article uses three biomarkers, namely human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2/NEU), cytokeratin 7 (CK-7), and cytokeratin 20 (CK-20), which are proteins that are expressed on the surface of certain tumor cells and can help in the diagnosis and classification of gastrointestinal neoplasms. The article examines the expression of these biomarkers in 100 cases of gastrointestinal neoplasms, including gastric adenocarcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and lymphoma, and finds that each biomarker has a different pattern of expression depending on the type and origin of the tumor.

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Issue 2. 2023 News

| Post date: 2023/07/29 |

The publication name of International Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences has changed to “Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences" and the new issue has been released in January 2020 under the new title.

The news related to the articles published in this issue are as follows:
Effect of a significant deficiency in some antioxidants on semen parameters in cases of male infertility in Diyala Province, Iraq: Biologists from Iraq examined the effect of a significant deficiency in some antioxidants on semen parameters in cases of male infertility in Diyala Province, Iraq. They measured the levels of serum ascorbate, tocopherol, selenium, and zinc in 47 infertile men and 21 healthy men, and compared them with the sperm count, motility, and morphology. They found that the deficiency of antioxidants was associated with a decrease in semen quality and suggested that increasing antioxidant levels may help improve male infertility.
Spectrum of gastrointestinal malignancies in a rural tertiary care center: Gastroenterologists from India investigated the spectrum of gastrointestinal malignancies in a rural tertiary care center. They studied 1000 patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer and reported the type, location, symptoms, risk factors, and treatment outcomes. They found that stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, and small bowel cancer were the most common types of gastrointestinal cancer, and Helicobacter pylori infection, family history, smoking, and alcohol consumption were the main risk factors. They concluded that gastrointestinal cancers in rural areas have different patterns and prevalence compared to urban areas, and they require prevention and early detection strategies.
C-Reactive protein and chest x-ray morphology in COVID-19 patients: Pathologists from India examined the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammation marker, and chest x-ray morphology in COVID-19 patients. They studied 100 patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection and measured the serum levels of CRP and their chest radiographic findings. They found that the CRP levels were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy individuals and were associated with the severity and extent of lung damage. They suggested that CRP can be used as a simple and cost-effective marker for the diagnosis, monitoring, and prediction of COVID-19 patients.
Formulation of a broad-spectrum nanoemulsion from thymus vulgaris essential oil with enhanced antimicrobial activity against problematic gram-negative bacteria and fungi: Microbiologists from India developed a nanoemulsion with a broad spectrum of thymus vulgaris (thyme) essential oil, which exhibited increased antimicrobial activity against problematic gram-negative bacteria and fungi. They evaluated the properties of the nanoemulsion using physicochemical methods and measured its antimicrobial activity against several antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains and fungi. They found that the nanoemulsion had good stability, small particle size, high transparency, and antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms. Despite the presence of essential oil, it had low toxicity.
Estimation of Morphometric Variations in Greater Sciatic Notch of Human Hip Bones: An Anatomical Study: Researchers from India measured the differences between male and female skull bones based on the shape and size of the greater sciatic notch, a bony indentation behind the ear. They used a statistical method to quantify these variations. They found that this indentation is larger and more angled in males, and it can be used with high accuracy to determine the sex of unidentified bones.
A comparison of the Effects of Low and High Doses of Corticosteroids on Recovery of the Patients with Covid-19: Physicians from Iran compared the effects of low and high doses of corticosteroids on the recovery of patients with COVID-19. They studied 100 hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 infection and divided them into two groups: one group receiving low dose (1 to 1.5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day) and another group receiving high dose (5 to 10 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day) of corticosteroids. They compared the outcomes of mortality, need for mechanical ventilation, development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and duration of hospitalization between the two groups. They found that high-dose corticosteroid administration was associated with increased mortality, need for mechanical ventilation, development of ARDS, and longer hospitalization time. They recommended caution against the use of high-dose corticosteroids in the treatment of severe COVID-19 patients.
Platelet Indices in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: Researchers from Iran investigated the relationship between platelet indices and other factors in determining the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The results showed that platelet count did not show significant changes or relation with ACS patients, while mean platelet volume (MPV) was not significantly higher in the myocardial infarction (MI) group compared to the unstable angina (UA) group. However, higher MPV values were associated with a higher mortality rate. Elevated platelet distribution width (PDW) was significantly correlated with both MI groups and mortality, suggesting its potential as a prognostic factor for ACS.

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News

To better serve its editors and authors and to improve communication, our organization has launched a new website for journals. The new Journals System is proud to announce its new electronic manuscript submission and review system.

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