en Nitric oxide and nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity before and after renal transplantation تخصصي Special پژوهشي orginal article <strong><em>Background & Aims</em></strong>: Renal transplantation has been considered as the best therapeutic strategy for end stage renal disease (ESRD). Oxidative stress induced by the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and nitric oxide has key role in the pathogenesis of ESRD. Therefore, in this study, the propose of this research was to investigate the enzymatic activity of NADPH oxidase (NOX), as well as nitric oxide (NO) levels before and after renal transplantation,<br> <strong><em>Materials and Methods</em></strong>: Twenty-five patients with ESRD and renal transplantation with age range of 20-60 years was enrolled in this study. Serum samples were collected for measurement of NADPH oxidase and NO levels, before, one hour and 14 days after transplantation, by ELISA technique using a commercial kit. Serum levels of urea and creatinine was also evaluated.<br> Results: The serum urea and creatinine levels significantly decreased after transplantation (p<0.05). research indicated that the serum levels of NADPH oxidase and NO was increased in the three times, one hour and 14 days after transplantation, but this increase was not statistically significant.In addition, NO and NADPH oxidase showed a significant correlation.<br> Conclusion: This study showed that the serum levels of NADPH oxidase and NO was not significantly changed before and after renal transplantation. In addition, NO had no diagnostic value in renal transplant patients who did not have acute rejection.<br> &nbsp; End-stage renal disease, renal transplantation, nitric oxide, NADPH oxide 74 80 http://ijrabms.umsu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-97-8&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Narges Kheyri sosankhodaverdy@yahoo.com 1003194753284600442 1003194753284600442 No Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Mohammad Hassan Khadem-Ansari mhansari1@hotmail.com 1003194753284600443 1003194753284600443 Yes Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Yousef Rasmi rasmiy@umsu.ac.ir 1003194753284600444 1003194753284600444 No Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Ali Tagizadeh sosankhodaverdy@yahoo.com 1003194753284600445 1003194753284600445 No Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran