Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
6
4
2020
12
1
Protective Effect of Crocin on Ovarian Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
199
206
EN
Masumeh
Mohammadpour
Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Gholam Hossein
Farjah
Neurophysiology Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Background & Aims: Ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury of the ovary may lead to ovarian injury. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of the crocin on ovarian I-R injury.
Materials & Methods: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups: sham surgery, ischemia, I-R, I-R+normal saline (NS), I-R+low dose crocin (20 mg/kg crocin), and I-R+ high dose crocin (80 mg/kg crocin). Neurological function, biochemical and histological evaluation was done 72 hours after ischemia.
Results: The plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Total Antioxidative Capacity (TAC) in the ischemia, I-R, and I-R+ NS groups increased and decreased significantly compared to the crocin groups, respectively (p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively). Catalase activity in the high dose crocin group was higher than the ischemia, I-R, and I-R+ NS groups (p<0.01). The mean scores of edema, congestion, hemorrhage, and follicular degeneration were significantly lower than in the crocin groups than in the ischemia, I-R, and I-R+NS groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Findings suggest that crocin may protect ovary from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
6
4
2020
12
1
The Relationship between the Intensity of Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Young Girls
207
215
EN
Mahsa
Porsesh
PhD Student of Exercise Physiology, Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz,Iran
Hamid
Habibi
Professor-Department of Exercise Physiology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
Saeid
Barati
Scientific Board Member of Department of Exercise Physiology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
Shahram
Solimani
PhD Student Exercise Physiology, Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Background & Aims: Today, regular physical activity and sports are widely supported by the medical and sports community. Since the intensity of activity is an important factor in the secretion of cardiovascular risk factors, the present study examined the relationship between the intensity of activity and cardiovascular risk factors in young girls.
Materials & Methods: A total of 45 female students with average values of age (20.7 ± 1.3 years), weight (58.4 ± 1.3 kg), height (164.1 ± 0.9 cm), and body mass index (23.1 ± 0.5 kg/m2) participated voluntarily in the project. Participants were divided into three groups of high-intensity (70-90% of one-repetition maximum or 1RM) and low-intensity (40-60% of 1RM) resistance training, with a control group without exercise. The two experimental groups were subjected to resistance training for 6 weeks. To measure the desired indices, blood samples were taken before and 24 h after the end of the research protocol.
Results: Results of one-way analysis of variance indicated a significant difference in hs-CRP and non-significant differences in lactate, glucose, fibrinogen, growth hormone to insulin-like growth factor ratio, and levels of LDL, HDL, and TC between the three groups. According to a post hoc test, the hs-CRP level in the high-intensity resistance training group showed a significant decrease compared to that of the control group.
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated no significant differences between high- and low-intensity resistance training in terms of affecting the levels of cardiovascular risk factors in young girls.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
6
4
2020
12
1
Microbiological Profile and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Uropathogens in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients
216
232
EN
Jafar
Mohammadshahi
Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
Manuchehr
Iranparvar
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
Shahram
Habibzadeh
Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
Roghayeh
Teimourpour
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
Background & Aims: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common human infections which is more prevalent especially in patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to compare the uropathogens isolated from the urine culture of diabetic and non-diabetic patients and their antibiotic resistance pattern in patients admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil from 2012 to 2013.
Materials & Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the medical records of all patients admitted to Imam Khomeini University Hospital in Ardabil province from the beginning of 2012 to the end of 2014 were reviewed and the required information including age, sex, or the absence of diabetes was recorded.
Results: E. coli was the most common uropathogens isolated from both diabetic (58.1%) and non-diabetic (53.6%) patients followed by yeast (19.4%) in both groups. Other common organisms in diabetic and non-diabetic patients were Staphylococcus aureus (8.4%) and coagulase negative Staphylococcus (7.1%), respectively. Among diabetic patients, E. coli had the highest sensitivity to polymyxin (100%), tetracycline (100%), and amikacin (88.9%). In non-diabetic patients, E. coli had the highest sensitivity to amikacin (90.4%), nitrofurantoin (86%), cefoxitin (85.3%), and gentamicin (82.1%).
Conclusion: Our findings indicated that susceptibility profiles of uropathogens are different in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals, therefore, empirical treatment for diabetic and non-diabetic patients will be different.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
6
4
2020
12
1
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictive Factor for Evaluation of Outcome in Critically Ill Patients
233
240
EN
Maryam
Alizadeh Chamkhaleh
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Alireza
Gandomi-Mohammadabadi
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Fateme
Ghoohestani
Student Research Committee, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Medical Branch, Kerman, Iran.
Faranak
Olamaeiam
Firoozabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (FCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Saeed
Golfiroozi
Firoozabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (FCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Amin
Abbasi
Firoozabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (FCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Background & Aims: Morbidity and mortality are higher in intensive care units (ICU). In this study hematological indexes such as NLR (Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) and PLR (platelet to lymphocyte ratio) were investigated in the ICU patients.
Materials & Methods: We did a retrospective study on ICU patients older than 18 years between June 2019 and July 2019. We gathered medical and laboratory data in the first 24 hours of ICU hospitalization and analyzed them. There were two groups of survived and un-survived. The primary outcome measure was death in ICU.
Results: We included 194 patients whose mean age was 66.7 ± 20.1 years, and 105(54%) patients were male. 76 (39%) patients were non-survivors. Non-survivors had significantly higher NLR value (mean, 16 ± 15.1) than the survivors (mean, 10.5 ± 14, p = .015). The PLR of survivors and non-survivors was 240.3 ± 156.7 and 320.3 ± 269.1, respectively. PLR was not different between groups (p >0.05).
Conclusion: These results suggest that NLR at admission is associated with higher mortality in the ICU among critically ill patients over 18 years old. Therefore, NLR at admission may be an alternative indicator of disease severity.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
6
4
2020
12
1
Computed Tomography Severity Grading of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease based on Volumetric Assessment of Inspiratory and Expiratory Scans
241
251
EN
Omair
Shah
sheri kashmir institute of medical sciences
Naseer
Choh
sheri kashmir institute of medical sciences
Faiz
Shera
sheri kashmir institute of medical sciences
Tariq
Gojwari
sheri kashmir institute of medical sciences
Jan
Suhail
sheri kashmir institute of medical sciences
Fahad
Shafi
sheri kashmir institute of medical sciences
Rafi
Jan
sheri kashmir institute of medical sciences
Background & Aims: To determine attenuation threshold for detection and quantification of air trapping in obstructive airway disease. Quantify airway dysfunction in patients of obstructive airway disease & its correlation with pulmonary function tests.
Materials & Methods: Paired HRCT scans of 48 patients were done and correlated with Pulmonary Function Tests taken within 2 weeks of the study. Threshold attenuation value on expiratory scan that signifies air trapping was obtained by correlating relative volumes with PFT parameters (PEF 25-75% & RV/TLC). The lung volumes at this threshold were then correlated with PFT values signifying airway dysfunction (FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEF 25-75%) and airway dysfunction was then quantified based on these volumes.
Results: Maximum correlation of PFT parameters signifying air trapping is with relative volume of limited lung at -850HU (l850) (p<0.005) which was taken as the threshold for air trapping. Using this threshold (-850HU), we calculated the relative volume change of limited and whole lung (l850 & t850) and expiratory relative volume of limited and whole lung (ERV l850 & ERV t850). Significant correlation was seen between l850 and PFT parameters signifying airway dysfunction (p<0.005). A severity classification of obstructive airway disease was formulated based on l850 and classified patients into mild (l850<-30%), moderate (l850= -20 - -30%), severe (l850 =-10 - -20%), and very severe (l850 > -10%).
Conclusion: l850 can be used as a CT parameter to quantify airway dysfunction irrespective of presence or absence of emphysema. Severity classification of obstructive airway disease was formulated based on l850.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
6
4
2020
12
1
Several models of induction seizure and epilepsy in experimental animals
252
261
EN
Raha
Zalkhani
Ph.D of Physiology, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
Background & Aims: Animal models provide crucial tools to study epilepsy which is one of the most common neurological disorder. Experimental models are valid and essential to discover new antiepileptic drugs as well as to elucidate circuitry dysfunction of disease. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the prominent used methods for induction experimental seizures and epilepsy induced by electrical, chemoconvulsants, traumatic brain injury, acoustic stimulation as well as hyperthermia and hypoxia condition.
Material and Methods: In this review data were collected through searching electronic databases of PubMed and Google Scholar for several methods of induction seizure and epilepsy in experimental animals.
Results: The maximal electroshock (MES), pentylentetrazole (PTZ), and 6-Hz seizure models are three simple seizure models for inducing acute seizure in intact animal. The pilocarpine, kainic acid, antibiotics, metals and organophosphorus compounds have epileptogenic potency for inducing motor seizures.
The most common type of chronic models of epilepsy are electrical kindling, PTZ-induced kindling and transgenic models. Pharmacoresistance models include the phenytoin- or lamotrigine-pretreated kindled rats model, the 6-Hz mouse model, pentylentetrazole induced seizures in rats pre-exposed to pilocarpine and intrauterine exposure of rats to methylazoxymethanol. Lastly, Posttraumatic epilepsy, audiogenic seizures, hyperthermia and neonatal hypoxia model as well as in vitro models are used to induce and study seizures.
Conclusion: Epilepsy and seizure in experimental animals can be modeled by several factors include acute and chronic stimulation, mechanical insults and changing environmental conditions in both forms in vivo and vitro.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
6
4
2020
12
1
A Comparative Study of Active and Passive Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Methods in Category I Tuberculosis Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India
262
271
EN
Alka
Bansal
SMS Medical College, Jaipur, India
Uma
Advani
SMS Medical College, Jaipur, India
Ashish
Agrawal
Ashish's clinic, Jaipur , India
Lokendra
Sharma
SMS Medical College, Jaipur, India
Smita
Jain
JECRC University, Jaipur, India
Sudhir
Sharma
District TB center I, jaipur
Background & Aims: Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are common with drug treatment. They can be collected by active and passive methods. The aim of the study was to compare active and passive ADR monitoring methods in terms of yield and lag period in category I tuberculosis patients.
Materials & Methods: A prospective observational analytical study was done in a directly observed therapy short-course (DOTS) center and pharmacovigilance center of SMS hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India from 1.1.2019 to 31.12.2019. A total of 303 category I tubercular patients on DOTS were divided into groups A (150) and B (153). Group A (active) patients were interviewed personally or telephonically for ADRs on 0,3,7,15,30, 90,180 days of therapy as per pre-structured & pre-validated questionnaire. Group B (passive) patients were asked to report ADRs themselves to pharmacovigilance center directly or through a drop box. Collected ADRs were compared statistically using software Minitab 14, Pennsylvania, USA.
Results: The yield of ADRs in active method was 4.5 times higher than the passive method. GIT related ADRs were similar in both groups, cutaneous were higher in active and CNS concerned were higher in passive method. However, consistency of ADR reporting was more in passive method. Mean lag period between onset and reporting of ADRs by active and passive methods were 5.72 and 22.4 days, respectively.
Conclusion: Active method initially and numerically facilitates ADR reporting together with decreased lag period but passive method gives consistent yield in chronic diseases like TB, hence, an integrated approach to identify and manage ADRs will be most beneficial for patients.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences
6
4
2020
12
1
Relationship between Peripheral Blood Eosinophil Count and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio with Number of Attacks Leading to Hospital Admission in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
272
278
EN
Maryam
Mirzaee
Department of Pulmonology and Intensive Care Medicine, Shahid Labbafinejad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Amin
Abbasi
Firoozabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (FCRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
Abbas
Fadaii
Department of Pulmonology and Intensive Care Medicine, Shahid Labbafinejad Hospital
Background & Aims: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an important common respiratory disorder. Determination of the prognostic factors is important to improve the outcomes and decrease the burden of problem. We aimed to determine the relationship between peripheral blood eosinophil count and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with number of attacks leading to hospital admission in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Materials & Methods: In this cohort study, 200 consecutive patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from 2016 to 2018 were enrolled including those with and without attacks leading to hospital admission and eosinophil and NLR were compared in them.
Results: The results in this study demonstrated that mean eosinophil was 1.5 and 1.4 in those without and with attack without significant difference (p=0.641). The mean NLR was 4.6 and 5.9 in those without and with attack with significant difference (p=0.022).
Conclusion: Totally, according to the obtained results, it is concluded that higher NLR is related to further attacks leading to hospital admissions but the eosinophil count has no significant effect in this area.